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THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND LGBT INCLUSIONWhen the United Nations decided to create a set of global goals to end poverty and inequality by 2030, equality groups pushed for the rights and needs of lesbian, gay, bi and trans people to be taken into account. The result, The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), was agreed in 2015 and signed onto by 193 governments on the basis that they apply to everyone, everywhere and will ‚leave no one behind™. Although at Stonewall we think the SDGs could have gone further by explicitly calling for LGBT equality, we recognise their exciting potential to advance equality for all. The ‚leave no one behind™ principle is especially relevant for LGBT people, who have been repeatedly left behind by national and international development initiatives. Discriminatory laws, projects that don™t acknowledge their speci˜c needs and negative social attitudes have all combined to hold LGBT people back. The impacts of this are felt by LGBT communities in all parts of the world Œ lower income, worse health, less education, among others. As a result, poverty as a whole will never truly be eradicated until this problem is directly addressed.We believe this is unacceptable. We are calling for governments and development organisations worldwide to keep their promise and to make sure the challenges facing LGBT people are accounted for in their responses to the SDGs. By doing this, we can help achieve our mission for every person to be accepted without exception.This short guide demonstrates some of the ways LGBT equality can be achieved. It looks at seven of the 17 goals and highlights the challenges LGBT people face. It then showcases some of the brilliant work that is already being done worldwide to make sure LGBT people are fully included and have their needs met . It also suggests practical actions for organisations working on different development issues.Whether you work for a charity, a government or a private sector organisation, the goals are a shared responsibility. There are many ways you can take action to include and respond to the needs of LGBT people in international development.STONEWALL INTERNATIONAL – THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND LGBT INCLUSION * Throughout this paper, we included case studies and research from a wider range of organisations striving to achieve equality. Organisations use different acronyms and we have remained faithful to these throughout this text. For example, some may use LGBT (lesbian, gay, bi and trans), others may use LGBTI (lesbian, gay, bi, trans and intersex) and others may use LGBTQI (lesbian, gay, bi, trans, queer/questioning and intersex).
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GOAL 1: END POVERTY IN ALL ITS FORMS EVERYWHERE Target 1.3 Implement nationally appropriate social protection systems and measures for all [–]Target 1.4 By 2030, ensure that all men and women [–] have equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to basic services, ownership and control over land and other forms of property [–]CASE STUDYMicro Rainbow International (MRI) works to tackle LGBTI poverty worldwide. They provide mentoring, skills training and coaching, and facilitate start-up capital for those members of the LGBTI community who want to set up small businesses.For example, Sreyran, a lesbian from Cambodia, was rejected by her wider community and unable to ˜ nd employment: ‚I was often sick because I didn™t have money to buy nutritious food. (–) Luckily, I have been helped by receiving $300 to start my own small business. I have learned important business management skills, such as writing a material checklist, noting daily income and expenses (–)™ (Sreyran)Sreyran™s new activity has not just bene˜ tted her economically, but has changed the way her community views her. Neighbours continue to buy her goods and friends have also bene˜ tted from her increase in income, which has led to greater social acceptance:‚With my food cart, I sell beef meatballs and beverages, and I earn $5-7 per day. With my income, I am paying off our debt, sending my brothers to school, helping friends to pay for English lessons, and I am still able to put money aside for future investment in my small business!™ (Sreyran)HOW LGBT PEOPLE HAVE BEEN LEFT BEHIND Exclusion and discrimination make it harder for LGBT people to earn money, stay secure and pursue their goals. This discrimination takes many forms, from a trans person being limited to insecure and unsafe employment, to a lesbian being refused access to communal land, to a gay or bi man being denied a loan. Many LGBT people are also rejected from the family support that most of us rely on. Formal social assistance can also discriminate by not recognising same-sex couples or parents.Discrimination can lead to poverty, but the reverse is also true. The poorer someone is, the more they are discriminated against in daily life and the less they can afford the means of escape, such as migration to a safer neighbourhood or more secure accommodation.Sadly, all of these issues can be compounded by development projects that disproportionately bene˜ t opposite-sex couples, either deliberately or through insensitive design. However, the good news is that when LGBT people are empowered economically, they may also be empowered to challenge discrimination.EXAMPLE: LGBT people in the Philippines are often barred from higher education and limited to irregular and low-paying jobs. On the other hand, research shows that LGBT people who are able to contribute to the household are more accepted socially and within families (Thoreson 2011).ACTIONSŁ Conduct research for a better understanding of how LGBT people are discriminated against economically. Ł Make sure private sector development projects are designed to address the economic needs of LGBT people.Ł Make sure social assistance programmes (such as cash-transfers) recognise the need of LGBT people and provide assistance for the poorest, in particular by strengthening community feedback mechanisms.Ł Support LGBT people to set up their own businesses.STONEWALL INTERNATIONAL – THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND LGBT INCLUSION
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GOAL 3: ENSURE HEALTHY LIVES AND PROMOTE WELL-BEING FOR ALL AT ALL AGES Target 3.7 By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services [–]Target 3.8 Achieve universal health coverage [–] for allHOW LGBT PEOPLE HAVE BEEN LEFT BEHIND Whether it™s a clinic that refuses to provide services to men who have sex with men (MSM) or a secondary school that fails to include LGBT topics in its sex education, there are lots of ways that LGBT people are excluded from sexual and reproductive healthcare. This can lead to LGBT people being more vulnerable to HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Some great work has been done to address the sexual health needs of MSM, especially needs related to HIV. However, much more is needed, especially to address the needs of trans people and women who have sex with women (WSW).LGBT exclusion from healthcare is unfortunately not con˜ ned to sexual and reproductive health. LGBT people are poorly served across the sector, due to discrimination, lack of awareness by health-workers and inappropriate services. For example, trans people seeking to transition medically can ˜ nd that provision is either harmful or non-existent. Also, in some societies where women are not allowed to access health services independently of male relatives, lesbian and bi women are at a particular disadvantage. In addition, LGBT people, who face greater mental health care challenges often due to exclusion and stigma from family and wider society, can ˜ nd a lack of appropriate support. EXAMPLE: Research shows that in India MSM are less likely to access critical health services, such as HIV testing, treatment and condoms, due to discrimination by healthcare providers (Lorway et al, 2014). In Lebanon the mental health of MSM was found to be directly shaped by the experience of stigma in their family, and in their schools, universities and work places (Wagner et al., 2013).ACTIONSMake sure all healthcare services, whether general, mental or sexual and reproductive, include LGBT people by:Ł Putting LGBT-inclusive anti-discrimination policies in place. Ł Training healthcare providers to understand the needs of LGBT people and respond effectively. Ł Create outreach health services for LGBT people who are unable to leave their homes, due to discrimination or exclusion.Develop services that meet the speci˜ c needs of LGBT people, including: Ł HIV and other STI prevention, treatment, care and support services for all LGBT people.Ł Safe-spaces and services that address the wider health needs of LGBT people. Ł Services for trans people to transition safely. CASE STUDYThe Cameroon National Association for Family Welfare (CAMNAFAW), a Member Association of the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF), has provided specialised health services, information and counselling to the LGBT community since 2008.A leading provider of sexual and reproductive health rights services in Cameroon, CAMNAFAW worked to overcome initial resistance and concerns by staff and volunteers by holding discussion forums and training in providing non-discriminatory services for LGBT clients. This helped to change attitudes and build commitment to the project.CAMNAFAW also held public sessions to address negative attitudes among the community. This approach has enabled them to address a critical gap and become a trusted provider of con˜ dential and inclusive sexual and reproductive health services for LGBT people.‚I loved the quality of the services provided and the warm welcome that we have at the clinic, where we are treated without being judged because of our sexual orientation™ (Project bene˜ ciary) STONEWALL INTERNATIONAL – THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND LGBT INCLUSION
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GOAL 4: ENSURE INCLUSIVE AND EQUITABLE QUALITY EDUCATION AND PROMOTE LIFELONG LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALLTarget 4.5 By 2030 [–] ensure equal access to all levels of education and vocational training for [–] children in vulnerable situationsTarget 4.7 By 2030 [–] ensure [–] education for [–] human rights [&] promotion of a culture of peace and non- violence [–]HOW LGBT PEOPLE HAVE BEEN LEFT BEHIND In schools and universities around the world, young people are bullied or excluded by teachers and peers, because they are (or are perceived to be) LGBT or questioning their sexual orientation or gender identity. Some ˜ nd it impossible to continue with their studies and leave prematurely, while others might suffer in silence and get poor results, in turn affecting their future prospects. For some, the impact of all this on their mental health and well-being will last well beyond their student years.However, when schools and universities promote human rights for all and pro˜ le positive LGBT role models, harmful social attitudes can be challenged before they become ˜ xed. All young people are then able to learn in a safe and enabling environment and become equipped for the future.EXAMPLE: LGBT youth in Brazil who were ‚out™ at school suffered the most severe forms of physical violence and social discrimination, and represented the highest number of students who reported suicidal thoughts (Teixeira-Filho et al., 2011).ACTIONSŁ Provide guidance and training for teachers and counsellors on how to deal sensitively with LGBT students and students who are questioning their sexual orientation and/or gender identity. Ł Adopt a zero-tolerance policy towards homophobic, biphobic and transphobic bullying.Ł Make sure that all teaching curricula are LGBT-inclusive and pro˜ le positive LGBT role models.Ł Make sure that all sexual and reproductive education covers the speci˜ c needs of LGBT students and those who are questioning their sexual orientation and/or gender identity. Ł Promote a culture of non-discrimination and acceptance (in schools, universities and wider society), emphasising that LGBT rights are human rights.CASE STUDYIn 2014, UNESCO and Plan Thailand conducted comprehensive research in secondary schools throughout Thailand, discovering high levels of homophobic, biphobic and transphobic bullying and a severe lack of policies to tackle the problem. In response, they and their civil society partners ( M Plus Foundation and Path 2 Health) designed a three-year programme to end all forms of gender- based violence, including bullying of LGBT students in Thai schools.The programme, ‚Making Educational Institutions Safe to Young LGBT Students™, works at multiple levels simultaneously, by training students, supporting ‚champion™ teachers, setting up con˜ dential referral systems, and consulting with parents, community leaders and the government.‚The project partnerships, particularly with UNESCO, have created great incitements and opportunities for national level advocacy and policy changes™ (Report: Strengthening Support to LGBTIQ Adolescents, Plan) STONEWALL INTERNATIONAL – THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND LGBT INCLUSION
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GOAL 5: ACHIEVE GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER ALL WOMEN AND GIRLS Target 5.1 End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhereTarget 5.2 Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls [–]HOW LGBT PEOPLE HAVE BEEN LEFT BEHIND Lesbian, bi and trans women can experience multiple discrimination and violence, because of their intersecting LGBT status and gender. For example, while women in general are taken less seriously than men when reporting crimes to the authorities, they will be taken even less seriously if they are identi˜ ed as a lesbian or bi. Sadly, instead of helping, development programmes can reinforce the inequalities that LBT women face, by only providing support to opposite-sex couples and families. In addition, these programmes often work with a narrow de˜ nition of ‚gender™ that is not trans-inclusive. However, Goal 5 calls for an end to all discrimination and violence against women and girls, which includes lesbophobia, biphobia and transphobia.At the same time, much more needs to be done to tackle harmful gender stereotypes that limit all people from being themselves and pursuing their goals. Gender-based violence is often driven by a desire to punish people who don™t conform to gender norms (OHCHR 2011) and, as a result, male and non-binary people who move away from these norms are also targeted.Countering these problems requires a careful approach: working with the whole community to address gender stereotypes, but also prioritising support for LBT women, as they are most affected by gender-based discrimination and violence. EXAMPLE: In 2014, ActionAid surveyed women and girls in nine townships in South Africa, who were mostly lesbian or bi. Only 12% felt safe from verbal and physical abuse in their neighbourhoods and 27% said they never felt safe.ACTIONSŁ Make sure that all programmes working on gender equality and violence against women and girls address the particular issues faced by lesbian, bi and trans women.Ł Make sure that funding grants prioritise organisations led by LBT women.Ł Expand the de˜ nition of ‚gender™ used in policies and programmes to become fully trans-inclusive.Ł Create programmes that challenge harmful gender norms more widely, through addressing the impact of such norms on male and non-binary people, as well as the wider population.CASE STUDYDespite a progressive Constitution that protects the rights of LGBTI people, reported incidents of violence against LBT women in South Africa have increased in recent years. The Forum for the Empowerment of Women (FEW) is the only South African organisation with a speci˜ c focus on rights of black lesbian and bi women and has a long history of work on hate crimes.With the support of ActionAid, FEW has built the leadership skills and con˜ dence of 450 lesbian and bi activists in 15 townships in and around Johannesburg. Equipped with the right knowledge, tools and resources, these activists have been empowered to challenge discriminatory attitudes in society and push for policy change in their communities and the country as a whole. The approach has included training to monitor the Criminal Justice System, so they are able to demand justice for victims of violence.At the community level, events such as the annual Soweto Pride and workshops with community members and local of˜ cials have helped to increase the visibility of the LGBTI community, build awareness and slowly change attitudes.‚At Vaal Pride this year (–) we are helping to change minds. One parent told me ‚coming here has helped me to understand my child™ (Ajax Sengwayo, Rainbow Activist Alliance) STONEWALL INTERNATIONAL – THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND LGBT INCLUSION
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GOAL 10: REDUCE INEQUALITY WITHIN AND AMONG COUNTRIES Target 10.2 By 2030, empower and promote the [–] inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other statusTarget 10.3 Ensure equal opportunity [–] including by eliminating discriminatory laws, policies and practices [–]HOW LGBT PEOPLE HAVE BEEN LEFT BEHIND Discrimination against LGBT people is often reinforced by laws, policies and practices that either fail to take LGBT needs into account or deliberately exclude them. These laws, policies and practices reinforce negative social attitudes, and encourage backlash against the LGBT communities calling for equality. Globally, the list of discriminatory laws and policies is vast. It includes: – Requiring trans people to undergo forced sterilisation before they can change their legal gender- Failing to provide opportunities for trans people to change their legal gender- Making same-sex relations illegal- Forbidding LGBT groups to form non-governmental organisations and publicly campaign for their rights- Excluding same-sex couples and trans people from accessing social servicesGoal 10 calls for everyone to take a stand and promote full equality. In particular, Target 10.2 prohibits exclusion on the basis of ‚ other status™ – a catch-all term meaning that whatever your status, whether you are LGBT, disabled, a migrant or part of any other protected group, the SDGs apply to you. In support of this idea, the UN has made it clear that LGBT people must be afforded dignity and human rights (UN Human Rights Council Resolution 17/19).EXAMPLE: Sex with someone of the same sex is illegal in 75 countries, and punishable by death in 10. Just 55 countries recognise trans peoples™ rights to change their name and gender on of˜ cial documents. ACTIONSŁ Fund LGBT groups working for an end to discriminatory laws, policies and practices.Ł Support campaigns, led by LGBT groups, that call for an end to discriminatory laws and policies.Ł Make sure everyone in your organisation understands that the phrase ‚other status™ in Target 10.2 includes LGBT people and puts it into practice. Ł Make sure that your development partners (whether public, private or third sector) do not discriminate, in line with Target 10.2. CASE STUDYThe Astraea Lesbian Foundation for Justice directly funds and builds the capacity of grassroots organisations in 55 countries, in order to advance LGBTQI human rights and racial, economic and gender justice worldwide.As one of Astraea™s grantee partners, Santamaría Fundación in Colombia has been strengthened in its work to document human rights violations against trans people, using this data to advocate for changes in policy and practice. Like many trans-led organisations, Santamaría Fundación has great dif˜ culty accessing core funding. However, with Astraea™s support, SMF provides legal support to hundreds of trans women who have experienced discrimination or violence, enabling them to submit of˜ cial complaints. In 2010, their advocacy, together with other LGBT organisations, led to the creation of an LGBT-inclusive National Police Directive. In 2015, they succeeded in getting the Attorney General™s Of˜ ce to establish a committee that will investigate and prosecute LGBT human rights violations in regions where high rates of homicides and violent cases have been documented by SMF and others. Santamaría Fundación also developed a safety protocol, which provides members and staff with strategies to protect themselves in case of violence or other emergency. fi[We must] strengthen the potential of trans women leaders in our community, so that we can all know and defend our rights!fl (Coordinator, Santamaría Fundación) STONEWALL INTERNATIONAL – THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND LGBT INCLUSION
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GOAL 16: PROMOTE PEACEFUL AND INCLUSIVE SOCIETIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, PROVIDE ACCESS TO JUSTICE FOR ALL AND BUILD EFFECTIVE, ACCOUNTABLE AND INCLUSIVE INSTITUTIONS AT ALL LEVELS Target 16.1 Signi˜ cantly reduce all forms of violence and related death threatsTarget 16.3 [–] Ensure equal access to justice for allHOW LGBT PEOPLE HAVE BEEN LEFT BEHIND Any form of violent attack against anyone is unacceptable, but LGBT people in many countries face the additional challenge of police and security services refusing to take their reports of violence seriously. In some contexts, the police and security services that are meant to protect instead attack and harass LGBT people, especially where there are discriminatory laws in place.Where LGBT people cannot rely on the state™s protection, they do not report violence and death threats for fear that they themselves might be arrested. Homophobic, transphobic and biphobic attitudes in the media and legal system, along with laws that prevent civil society groups from speaking out, mean that LGBT people are highly vulnerable to fundamental human rights abuses. However, when police and security services are trained in how to deal sensitively with LGBT hate crime, it can then be possible for them to provide the proper support.EXAMPLE: One third of trans people in the EU have experienced violence or were threatened with violence in the last ˜ ve years. About two ˜ fths of trans people who were victims of violence in the last 12 months said they had been violently attacked three times or more in the same year (EU Agency for Fundamental Rights 2015).ACTIONSŁ Make sure that all programmes working on policing, the criminal justice system and/or civil society actively address LGBT hate crime.Ł Provide training on sensitivity and effective response to LGBT discrimination and hate crime for police, security services and the criminal justice system, or support those groups already providing such training.Ł Build the capacity of police and/or LGBT groups to document instances of hate crime against LGBT people.CASE STUDYThrough USAID, Women™s Empowerment for Change (WE-Change) worked with the Jamaica Constabulary Force to facilitate seven training sessions for just over 214 participants on the duty of police to treat the LGBT population as equal citizens before the law. It is expected that these sessions will signi˜ cantly impact the way police of˜ cers discharge their duties. The training programme is a key component of WE-Change™s wider work as an af˜ liate of J-FLAG (a human rights organisation based in Jamaica) to empower the Jamaican LGBT community and shift the attitudes of wider society. The long-term impact on how police secure justice for all is not yet documented, but some participants have already demonstrated a shift in their opinions of how to treat the LGBT community. One of˜ cer shared the commitment of her and her colleagues to remember the training and put human rights principles into practice when engaging with LGBT people:‚I know that all the of˜ cers here (–) will remember what they have learnt here today, when they have to deal with members of diverse groups™ (Training Participant) STONEWALL INTERNATIONAL – THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND LGBT INCLUSION
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FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS THERE ARE MANY WAYS TO MAKE SURE LGBT PEOPLE ARE NOT ‚LEFT BEHIND™ IN INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: Fund local LGBT groups and support them to address the needs of their communities.Always consult with local LGBT groups in both the design and implementation of any support programmes, to make sure their needs are met and no harm is done.Empower LGBT people to hold their governments and other service providers to account.Use LGBT-speci˜c indicators and gather data to monitor properly the impact of your programme on LGBT people.Inform staff and delivery partners about the Sustainable Development Goals and the principle of ‚leave no one behind™, along with training and support to make sure they take appropriate action.Put in place clear LGBT- inclusive policies for staff and bene˜ciaries. Make sure that your partners (whether public, private or third sector) have also adopted such policies.Highlight success stories where LGBT individuals and groups have been included, and share good practice.You can learn more about Stonewall™s work to promote LGBT-inclusive development and the Sustainable Development Goals at www.stonewall.org.uk/our-work/international-work-1 Many thanks to Elizabeth Mills and the Institute of Development Studies (IDS), for assisting us with academic research and feedback. Many thanks to the partners that contributed case studies for this paper. Written by: Kit Dorey. Edited by: Jasmine O™Connor. Designed by: Alex Long. STONEWALL INTERNATIONAL – THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND LGBT INCLUSION
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REFERENCESACTIONAID INTERNATIONAL 2015. Women and the city III, Action Aid: Johannesburg. www.actionaid.org/sites/˜les/actionaid/women_and_the_city_iii.pdf .ALBERT KENNEDY TRUST. 2015. LGBT Youth Homelessness: a UK national scoping of cause, prevalence, response, and outcome.ASTRAEA LESBIAN FOUNDATION FOR JUSTICE. 2014. 2014 Annual Report. http://www.astraeafoundation.org/uploads/˜les/Astraea_Annual_Report_2014_full.pdf , Z. 2014. Social Problems of LGBT People in Turkey. Procedia-Social and Behavioural Sciences, 113, 224-233.BOTTI, F. and D™IPPOLITI, C. 2014. Don™t ask don™t tell (that you™re poor). Sexual orientation and social exclusion in Italy. Journal of Behavioural and Experimental Economics, 49, 8-25.EU AGENCY FOR FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS 2015. Being Trans in the EU Œ Comparative analysis of the EU LGBT survey data Œ SummaryLORWAY, R., THOMPSON, L. H., LAZARUS, L., DU PLESSIS, E., PASHA, A., MARY, P. F., KHAN, S. and REZA-PAUL, S. 2014. Going beyond the clinic: confronting stigma and discrimination among men who have sex with men in Mysore through community-based participatory research. Critical Public Health, 24, 73-87.MILLS, E. 2015. fiLeave no one behindfl: Gender, sexuality and the Sustainable Development Goals. http://www.gsdrc.org/document-library/leave-no-one-behind-gender-sexuality-and-the- sustainable-development-goals/NYANZI, S. 2013. Homosexuality, Sex Work, and HIV/AIDS in Displacement and Post-Con˚ict Settings: The Case of Refugees in Uganda. International Peacekeeping, 20, 450-468.PLAN. 2015. Strengthening support to LGBTIQ Adolescents: Policy Report on the Rationale and Scope for Strengthening Support to Adolescents Who Are Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex or Questioning.SIDA. 2010. Poverty and Sexuality: What are the connections? Overview and Literature Review. TEIXEIRA-FILHO, F. S., RONDINI, C. A. and BESSA, J. C. 2011. Re˚exões sobre homofobia e educação em escolas do interior paulista. Educação e Pesquisa, 37, 725-741.THORESON, R. 2011. Capably Queer: Exploring the Intersections of Queerness and Poverty in the Urban Philippines. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 12, 493-510.UNDP. 2015. When people are counted, no one is left behind. http://www.undp.org/content/ undp/en/home/blog/2015/12/10/When-people-are-counted-no-one-is-left-behind.html UN, DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS. 2015. Transforming Our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc. asp?symbol=A/70/L.1&Lang=EUSAID. 2015. Transgender women survive violence in Colombia: Foundation helps to provide protection. https://www.usaid.gov/results-data/success-stories/resilience-face-violence WAGNER, G. J., AUNON, F. M., KAPLAN, R. L., KARAM, R., KHOURI, D., TOHME, J. and MOKHBAT, J. 2013. Sexual stigma, psychological well-being and social engagement among men who have sex with men in Beirut, Lebanon. Culture Health and Sexuality, 15, 570-582.WORLD BANK (2015). Violence against Women and Girls Resource Guide: Brief on Violence Against Sexual and Gender Minority Women. STONEWALL INTERNATIONAL – THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND LGBT INCLUSION
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