Acunga uburyo bw’ubwunganizi bwohereza ndetse bukabika inyandiko kandi abikora yandika ndetse akanabika ibimenyetso n’inyandiko zimenyekanishwa.
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Politike yo guhemba abantu bafasha abaregwa biburan ira, badafite ubushobozi bwo kwihembera abavoka mu Rwego Rwashyiriweho Inkiko Mp anabyaha Mpuzamahanga Yemejwe ku itariki ya 25 Gicurasi 2016 IRIBURIRO Gerefiye w™Urwego Rwashyiriweho Inkiko Mpanabyaha M puzamahanga; NSHINGIYE ku Ngingo ya 19 ya Sitati ya MICT, nk™uko yemejwe n ™Inama Ishinzwe Amahoro ku Isi mu Cyemezo cya 1966 (2010) cyo ku itariki ya 22 Ukuboza 2010; NSHINGIYE ku Mategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n™Itangwa ry™Ib imenyetso ya MICT, nk™uko yemejwe ku itariki ya 8 Kamena 2012 hashingiwe ku N gingo ya 13 ya Sitati; NSHINGIYE ku mahame, politiki n™imikorere yerekeranye n™ibiku rikizwa mu guhemba mu Rukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwan da n™Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho Icyahoze ari Yugosilaviy a, n™ubukemuramanza bw™izo nkiko; MAZE KUBONA ko iyi Politike igamije gutuma abaregwa biburanira, badafite ubushobozi bwo kwihembera abavoka, bagira uruhare mu manza baregwa mo hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 1(2) na 1(3) ya Sitati; MAZE KUBONA ko iyi Politike idashyiraho ubundi burenganzira na bumwe burenze ubuteganywa n™Ingingo ya 19 ya Sitati; MAZE KUBONA ko igihe ibyerekeranye n™imikorere bidateganywa, ku buryo butaziguye, muri iyi Politike, hakurikizwa Amabwiriza yerekeranye n™ ishyirwaho ry™abavoka bunganira abaregwa yashyizweho ku itariki ya 14 Ugushyingo 2012 n™ibin di byose bikurikizwa byashyizweho n™Ibiro bya Gerefiye aho bikenewe, NEMEJE iyi Politike. John Hocking Gerefiye Bikozwe uyu munsi, tariki ya 25 Gicurasi 2016 I La Haye Ubuholandi.
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2 AMASHAKIRO A. IBISOBANURO BY™AMAGAMBO .. .. 3 B. IBISABWA BY™IBANZE KUGIRA NGO UMUNTU YE MERERWE .. 6 C. ABANTU BAHEMBWA .. .. 6 D. GUSUZUMA URUSOBE RW™URUBANZA .. 7 E. KUGENA AMASAHA KURI BURI NTERA .. . 8 Icyiciro mbanzirizarubanza .. . 8 Iburanisha mu rw™iremezo . . 9 Ubujurire . 10 Impuguke .. 13 Ibiro byo gukoreramo .. .. 13 Guhindura amasaha yagenwe . 13 Gutanga amafagitire .. 14 F. IBYO UMUNTU AGOMBA KUBA YUJUJE NGO ASHYIRWE MU IKIP E Y™UBWUNGANIZI . 15 Umunyamategeko wungirije . .. 15 Umufasha mu by™amategeko . .. 17 Umukozi ucunga dosiye . 17 Umupererezi .. . 17 Umufasha mu by™indimi . 17 Impuguke .. 18 G. ISHYIRWAHO RY™ABAGIZE IKIPE Y™UBWUNGANIZI N™IMPUGUK E . 18 H. INGINGO ZA NYUMA .. . 19 UMUGEREKA .. . 21
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3 A. IBISOBANURO BY™AMAGAMBO Muri iyi Politike, aya magambo asobanura ibi bikuri kira: Uregwa: Umuntu wese ushinjwa mu nyandiko y™ibirego yakozwe na TPIY, TPIR cyangwa MICT hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 1 ya Sita ti. Ubujurire: Iburanisha ribera muri MICT hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 23 ya Sitati. Ishami: Ishami bireba rya MICT, Arusha cya i La Haye. Urugereko: Urugereko rwa Mbere rw™Iremezo cyangwa rw™Ubujurire rwa MICT, cyangwa Umucamanza umwe rukumbi, nk™uko biteganywa n™Ingingo ya 12 ya Sitati. Amategeko yerekeye Imyitwarire mu kazi: Amategeko yerekeye imyitwarire mu kazi y™abavoka bu nganira abaregwa muri MICT, yatanzwe na Gerefiye ku itariki ya 14 Ugushyingo 2012. Avoka: Umuntu washyizweho ngo yunganire uregwa udafite ub ushobozi na na buke cyangwa buhagije, hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 4 3 n™iya 44 z™Amategeko n™Ingingo ya 16(B) cyangwa 16(C) y™Amab wiriza. CPI: Igipimo cyerekena ihindagurika cy™ibiciro mu Buhol andi, nk™uko byemejwe na Komisiyo mpuzamahanga ishinzwe abakozi. Ikipe y™ubwunganizi: Umuntu (abantu) Gerefiye yashyizeho cyangwa yemeye ko yunganira uregwa. Mu bagize Ubwunganizi hasbobora kuba harimo abanyamategeko bungirije, abafasha mu mategeko, aba cunga dosiye, abapererezi, abafasha mu by™indimi, hakurikijwe uko ibintu biteye. Amabwiriza: Amabwiriza yerekeye ishyirwaho ry™abavoka bunganira abaregwa, yashyizweho na Gerefiye ku itariki ya 14 Ugushyingo 2012, hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 43 y™Amategeko, nk™uko yagi ye ahindurwa. Ibigenderwaho: Ibigenderwaho mu itangwa ry™amafagitire no mu biko rwa bishobora guhemberwa by™abantu bafasha abaregwa biburanira, y ashyizweho na Gerefiye ku itariki ya 25 Gicurasi 2016, nk™uko aza genda ahindurwa. TPIR: Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rushinzwe gucira im anza abantu bakekwaho kuba barakoreye mu Rwanda ibyaha b ya jenoside cyangwa ibindi bikorwa binyuranyije bikomeye n™amat egeko
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4mpuzamahanga arengera abantu mu gihe cy™intambara, n™Abanyarwanda bakekwaho kuba barabikoreye mu bihug u bituranye n™u Rwanda, hagati y™itariki ya 1 Mutarama 1994 n™i ya 31 Ukuboza 1994, rwashyizweho n™Inama Ishinzwe Amahoro ku Isi mu cyemezo cyayo 955 cyo ku itariki ya 8 Ugushyingo 1994. TPIY: Urukiko Mpuzamahanga rushinzwe gucira imanza abantu bakekwaho kuba barakoreye ibikorwa binyuranyije bikomeye n™am ategeko mpuzamahanga arengera abantu mu gihe cy™intambara m u cyahoze ari Yugosolaviya guhera mu wa 1991, rwashyizweho n™ Inama Ishinzwe Amahoro ku Isi mu cyemezo cyayo 827 cyo ku itariki ya 25 Gicurasi 1993. MICT: Urwego mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho kurangiza imirim o y™Inkiko Mpanabyaha, rwashyizweho n™Inama Ishinzwe Amahoro k u Isi mu cyemezo cyayo 1966 cyo ku itariki ya 22 Ukuboza 201 0. Inyandiko y™ubujurire: Inyandiko itanzwe n™umuburanyi hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 133 y™Amategeko. Politike: Iyi Politike yo guhemba abantu bafasha abaregwa bib uranira badafite ubushobozi bwo kwihembera abavoka muri MICT. Perezida: Perezida wa MICT washyizweho hashingiwe ku Ngingo y a 11 ya Sitati. Icyiciro mbanzirizarubanza: Icyiciro cy™iburanisha kibera mu Rugereko, kuva ure gwa yakwitaba Urukiko bwa mbere kugeza ku munsi atangiye kuburani shwa. Porokireri: Porokireri wa MICT washyizweho hashingiwe ku Nging o ya 14(4) ya Sitati. Gerefiye: Gerefiye wa MICT washyizweho hashingiwe ku Ngingo y a 15 ya Sitati. Ibiro bya Gerefiye: Urwego rwa MICT rushinzwe imirimo y™ubutegetsi bwa MICT n™indi itera inkunga Amashami yayo, nk™uko biteganywa n™In gingo ya 15 ya Sitati, naho muri iyi Politike, bikavuga abakozi bo mu Biro bya Gerefiye bashinzwe, by™umwihariko, gucunga ibyereke ranye n™ubufasha mu by™amategeko.
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5Amategeko: Amategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n™Itangwa ry™Ibim enyetso yemejwe na MICT hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 13 ya Sitat i, ku itariki ya 8 Kamena 2012, nk™uko yagiye ahindurwa. Sitati: Sitati ya MICT yometse ku Cyemezo cya 1966 cy™Inama Ishinzwe Amahoro ku Isi cyo ku itariki ya 22 Ukuboza 2010, n k™uko yagiye ihindurwa. Iburanisha mu rw™iremezo: Icyiciro cy™iburanisha mu rw™iremezo gitangira ku munsi wa mbere w™iburanisha rigapfundikrwa hatanzwe imyanzuro nsoz arubanza mu magambo. Muri iyi Politike, amagambo akoreshwa nta gutanduka nya igitsina gore cyangwa igitsina gabo.
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6B. IBISABWA BY™IBANZE KUGIRA NGO UMUNTU YEMERERWE 1. Uregwa wiburanira basanze adafite ubushobozi na buke cyangwa buhagije ni we wenyine ushobora guhabwa abagize ikipe y™ubwunganizi n™impu guke bashyirwaho kandi bahembwa na MICT. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibiteganyijwe mu Mabwir iza yerekeranye no kwemeza amikoro y™umuntu usaba guhabwa avoka uhembwa na MIC T anareba abaregwa biburanira. Ibisabwa by™ibanze mu kwemeza ko uregwa atishoboye no gutanga amafaranga biteganywa mu Ngingo ya 7 n™iya 10 z™ayo Mabwiriza. 2. Muri iyi Politike, MICT ikurikiza ibyemejwe na T PIR cyangwa TPIY ko uregwa atishoboye, kereka habonetse amakuru mashya agaragaza ko uregwa afite amikoro ahagije yo kwihembera ikipe y™ubwunganizi bwe. Iyo TPIR cyangw a TPIY bitasuzumye niba uregwa adafite ubushobozi, MICT isuzuma amikoro uregwa afi te, hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu Mabwiriza. 3. Muri iyi Politike, Ibiro bya Gerefiye bigena ama faranga yahembwa ubwunganizi kuri buri muntu Uregwa, hatitawe ku kumenya niba haragenwe am afaranga yo guhemba ubwunganizi bw™undi muntu waba uregwa muri urwo rubanza. C. ABANTU BAHEMBWA 4. Abantu bashyirwaho n™Ibiro bya Gerefiye ngo bajy e mu ikipe y™ubwunganizi bw™uregwa wiburanira ni bo bonyine bashobora guhembwa na MICT . Ibiro bya Gerefiye bihemba abantu bashyizweho bakora imirimo ikurikira, ariko bujuje ibisabwa ku bagize ikipe y™ubwunganizi bivugwa hasi mu Gice F, kandi bigakorwa hakurikijwe umubare ntarengwa w™abantu bagize ubwunganizi bahembwa n™amasaha yagenwe bagomba guhe mberwa nk™uko biteganywa hasi mu Gice E: – umunyamategeko wungirije; – umufasha mu by™amategeko; – umukozi ucunga dosiye; – umupererezi; na – umufasha mu by™indimi.
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8- urusobe rw™ibivugwa bishingiye ku byabaye n™ibyo mu rwego rw™amategeko; – umubare n™ubwoko bw™abatangabuhamya n™inyandiko zit angwa mu rubanza; na – ikindi kintu cyose Ibiryo bya Gerefiye byashingirah o bifata icyemezo. 10. Kugena intera y™ubusobe bw™urubanza mu cyiciro cy™ubujurire bishingira ku bintu bikurikira: – umwanya uregwa yari afite, harimo uwo mu nzego za p olitike/igisirikare; – umubare n™imiterere y™ingigo z™ubujurire; – kureba niba Ibiro bya Porokireri cyangwa undi muntu ureganwa n™uregwa barajuriye, ku buryo ubujurire bugira ingaruka ku u regwa; – kureba niba ubujurire bubyutsa ibibazo bishya byo m u rwego rw™amategeko bitavugwaho mu bukemuramanza, no kureba imiterere y ™ibyo bibazo bishya; – urusobe rw™ibibazo bishingiye ku byabaye n™ibyo mu rwego rw™amategeko bivugwa; – indeshyo n™inyandiko y™urubanza mu rw™iremezo; – umubare n™ubwoko bw™inyandiko, ibimenyetso gihamya n™abatangabuhamya bakenerwa mu bujurire; – igihano cyatanzwe n™Urugereko rwa Mbere rw™Iremezo; na – ikindi kintu cyose Ibiryo bya Gerefiye byashingirah o bifata icyemezo. 11. Hashingiwe kuri ibyo bintu bivuzwe haruguru, I biro bya Gerefiye bishyira urubanza mu Ntera ya mbere (Rukomeye), Intera ya kabiri (Rukomeye cya ne) cyangwa Intera ya gatatu (Rukomeye cyane kurushaho). E. KUGENA AMASAHA KURI BURI NTERA i. Icyiciro mbanzirizarubanza 12. Icyiciro mbanzirizarubanza gitangira iyo uregw a yitabye Urukiko bwa mbere kikarangira iburanisha mu rw™iremezo ritangiye. Hagenwa umubare ntarengwa w™amasaha n™abantu ku buryo bukurikira: (a) Intera ya mbere: Amasaha atarenga 150 mu kwezi ku muntu ugize ikipe y™ubwunganizi ariko ntibarenge babiri, kandi ntibir enge amasaha 3. 000 mu cyiciro mbanzirizarubanza cyose;
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9 (b) Intera ya kabiri: Amasaha atarenga 150 mu kwezi ku muntu ugize ikipe y™ubwunganizi ariko ntibarenge batatu, kandi ntibir enge amasaha 4.500 mu cyiciro mbanzirizarubanza cyose; (c) Intera ya gatatu: Amasaha atarenga 150 mu kwezi ku muntu ugize ikipe y™ubwunganizi ariko ntibarenge batanu, kugera ku ma saha atarenga 6.000 mu cyiciro mbanzirizarubanza cyose. 13. Byongeye kandi, Ibiro bya Gerefiye bihembera u muntu ugize ikipe y™ubwunganizi amasaha yose yakoze mu cyiciro mbanzirizarubanza, iyo Uruge reko rwahaye uwo muntu, bisabwe n™uregwa, uburenganzira bwo kujya mu iburanisha mu nyungu z™uregwa. Amasaha y™iburanisha ku wundi muntu, uwo ari we wese, ugize ikipe y™Ubwunganizi abarirwa mu masaha agenwa mu gika cya 12, bitewe n™urusobe rw™u rubanza. ii. Iburanisha mu rw™iremezo 14. Icyiciro cy™iburanisha mu rw™iremezo gitangira ku munsi wa mbere w™iburanisha rikarangirana n™itangwa ry™imyanzuro nsozarubanza m u magambo. Hagenwa amasaha ntarengwa mu buryo bukurikira: (a) Intera ya mbere: Amasaha atarenga 150 mu kwezi ku muntu ugize ikipe y™ubwunganizi ariko ntibarenge babiri, kandi ntibir enge amasaha 300 mu kwezi mu gihe cyose cy™iburanisha; (b) Intera ya kabiri: Amasaha atarenga 150 mu kwezi ku muntu ugize ikipe y™ubwunganizi ariko ntibarenge batatu, kandi ntibir enge amasaha 450 mu kwezi mu gihe cyose cy™iburanisha; (c) Intera ya gatatu: Amasaha atarenga 150 mu kwezi ku muntu ugize ikipe y™Ubwunganizi ariko ntibarenge batanu, kandi ntibir enge amasaha 750 mu kwezi mu gihe cyose cy™iburanisha.
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10 15. Amasaha y™iburanisha ku bantu bose bagize ikip e y™ubwunganizi, barimo n™undi muntu wese Urugereko rwahaye uburenganzira bwo kujya mu iburan isha, abarirwa mu masaha yose ntarengwa ateganywa mu gika cya 14. 16. Iyo, nyuma y™itangwa ry™ibimenyetso bishinjura , habonetse impamvu zikomeye zishingiye ku byabaye cyangwa zo mu rwego rw™amategeko zituma hab aho akazi kenshi gakeneye gukorwa hagati y™itangwa ry™imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magam bo n™isomwa ry™urubanza mu rw™iremezo, uregwa ashobora gutanga icyifuzo gishyi ze mu gaciro asaba ko ubwunganizi buhemberwa amasaha bwakoresheje muri ako kazi kugir a ngo Ibiro bya Gerefiye bugisuzume. Icyo cyifuzo kigomba kuba cyanditse kan di gisobanura akazi gakeneye gukorwa, ikigereranyo cy™igihe gikenewe ngo buri mu rimo ukorwe ndetse n™impamvu ako kazi katashoboraga gukorwa mbere y™uko ubwunganizi burangiza gutanga ibimenyetso bishinjura. Kugira ngo icyo cyifuzo gisuzumwe neza, Gerefiye ashobora gusaba uregwa gutanga amakuru y™inyongera n™inyandiko zibyemeza. Gerefiye ashobora gusaba Urugereko rwa Mbere rw™Iremezo amakuru ku kazi gakeneye gukor wa. Ibiro bya Gerefiye bishobora kugena amasaha atarenga 50 mu kwezi kugira ngo ako kazi gakorwe. iii. Ubujurire 17. Ubujurire bugizwe n™ibyiciro bitatu: Icyiciro cya mbere Œ inyandiko y™ubujurire, Icyiciro cya kabiriŒ imyanzuro mu bujurire, n™Icyiciro cya gatat u Œiburanisha mu bujurire. 18. Iyo hagenwe amasaha ntarengwa ikipe y™Ubwungani zi yose ishobora guhemberwa ku cyiciro runaka, uregwa agomba kubanza kwemeza amasaha yose buri muntu ugize iyo kipe y™ubwuganizi agenerwa gukora ngo azayahemberwe. Icyiciro cya mbere (Inyandiko y™ubujurire) 19. Icyiciro cya mbere gitangira ku munsi ukurikira itangwa ry™inyandiko y™urubanza mu rw™iremezo maze kikarangira ku munsi uregwa atangiy eho inyandiko y™ubujurire hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 133 y™Amategeko. Iyo umuntu wahamwe n™ icyaha adatanze inyandiko y™ubujurire, icyiciro cya mbere kirangira iyo itari ki ntarengwa yo gutanga ubujurire igeze.
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11 20. Icyiciro cya kabiri kireba gusa ikipe y™ubwung anizi bw™abantu bahamwe n™icyaha. Muri icyi cyiciro, kugena amasaha ntibishingira ku ntera y™ur usobe rw™urubanza. Hagenwa umubare ntarengwa w™amasaha n™abantu ku buryo bukurikira: a. iyo uregwa adatanze inyandiko y™ubujurire, hage nwa amasaha atarenga 50 ku bantu batarenze babiri bagize ikipe y™ubwunganizi k ugira ngo hakorwe imirimo irimo gusuzuma inyandiko y™urubanza mu rw™iremezo n o kureba niba hashobora kubaho impamvu z™ubujurire cyangwa ubujurire bwurir iye ku bw™undi muburanyi no kugira inama uregwa; cyangwa b. iyo uregwa atanze inyandiko y™ubujurire, hagenwa amasaha atarenga 300 ku bantu batarenga babiri bagize ikipe y™ubwunganizi, kugira ngo hakorwe imirimo yose yerekeranye no gutegura no gutanga inyandiko y ™ubujurire. Icyiciro cya kabiri (imyanzuro y™ubujurire) 21. Icyiciro cya kabiri gitangira umunsi ukurikira uwo icyiciro cya mbere kirangiriyeho kandi kirangira hatanzwe imyanzuro ya nyuma nk™uko bitega nywa n™Ingingo ya 138, iya 139 cyangwa iya 140 z™Amategeko, cyangwa hatanzwe indi myanzuro usubiza, biramutse bisabwe n™Urugereko, cyangwa iyo igihe ntarengwa cy o gutanga iyo myanzuro kirangiye. 22. Icyiciro cya kabiri kireba amakipe y™Ubwunganiz i bw™abantu bahamwe n™ibyaha n™amakipe y™Ubwunganizi bw™abantu bagizwe abere basubiza ubuj urire bwa Porokireri. Muri iki cyiciro, kugena amasaha ntarengwa bishingira ku rusobe rw™ub ujurire. 23. Iyo Ibiro bya Gerefiye bitaragena intera y™uru sobe rw™urubanza mu buryo buvugwa haruguru, ibyo Biro bishyira, by™agateganyo, buri rubanza mu Ntera ya mbere kugira ngo amafaranga akoreshwa mu bujurire akomeze gutangwa. Ibiro bya G erefiye bishobora gufata icyemezo cyo gushyira, by™agateganyo, ubujurire mu Ntera ya kabi ri, iyo uregwa abisabye igihe atanze icyifuzo ku rusobe rw™urubanza cyangwa abisabye mbe re yaho kandi ibyo bikorwa iyo ukibona ibimenyetso byashyikirijwe Ibiryo bya Geref iye uhita usanga bishoboka ko ubwo bujurire bwashyirwa mu ntera y™urusobe iruta Intera ya mbere. Iyo nyuma yaho, ubujurire bushyizwe mu ntera isumba iyo bwari bwarashyizwemo by™agateganyo cyangwa iri munsi yayo, Ibiro bya Gerefiye bihindura amasaha ntarengw a yagenwe ku cyiciro cya kabiri.
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